grep,sed,awk命令实例大练习[整理]

artou

第10题可以这样：
#!/bin/sh
awk 'BEGIN  {print "ERSONNEL FILE\n"} {print $0}' datafile > datafile1
sed '/500$/d' datafile1 > datafile2
sed -e 's/[:::]/ /' datafile2 > datafile1
awk '{print $2,$1,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7}' datafile1 > datafile2
awk 'END  {print "THE END"} {print $0}' datafile2 > datafile1

ykwj121

sed '/500$/d' datafile1 > datafile2
这一行删除了以500结尾的行，而不是工资吧。
题目说“删除以500结尾的工资”，应该是把工资这个数删掉吧。
呵呵，我也不知道我理解的是不是对

artou

删除工资可以这样：

sed -e 's/[0-9]\{2,3\}500$//' datafile

ykwj121

en，这个可以的。不过只能删除500前面有2个或者3个数字的，不妥，万一有多一位或者少一位的，就不对了。

BTW：我不是故意坑你哦，我只是觉得这样追究可以让大家学到更多东西，你不介意我老这样钻空子吧？

artou

那也简单这样就行了吧：

sed -e 's/[0-9]\{1,9\}500$//' datafile

呵呵，只要能学到东西，钻空子又何妨。。。

ykwj121

那偶就放心了。
你有没有考虑不用临时文件，把你的第十题用一句来实现？

artou

用一句语句实现：

sed -e 's/[0-9]\{1,9\}500$//' datafile | sed -e 's/[:::]/ /' | awk '{print $2,$1,$3,$4,$5,$6,$7,$8,$9}'| awk 'BEGIN  {print "ERSONNEL FILE\n"} {print $0}' | awk 'END  {print "THE END"} {print $0}'

idkey

我也来凑一凑热闹。

1.把Jon的名字改成Jonathan.
xie 0$ grep Jon sed.dat
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
xie 0$ grep Jon sed.dat | sed -e 's/Jon/Jonathan/g'
Jonathan DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100

2.删除头三行
xie 0$ cat -n sed.dat | sed -e '1,3d'
     4  Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
     5  Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
     6  Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
     7  Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
     8  Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
     9  Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
    10  Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
    11  Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
    12  Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
    13  Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
    14  Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
    15  James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
    16  Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
    17  Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
    18  William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
    19  Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
    20  Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
    21  Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
    22  Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
    23  Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
    24  Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
    25  Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
    26  Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
    27  Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900

3.显示5-10行
xie 0$ cat -n sed.dat | sed -ne '5,10p'
     5  Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
     6  Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
     7  Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
     8  Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
     9  Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
    10  Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900

4.删除包含Lane的行.
xie 0$ cat -n sed.dat | sed -e '/Lane/d'
     3  Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
     4  Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
     5  Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
     6  Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
     7  Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
     8  Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
     9  Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
    12  Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
    13  Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
    15  James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
    16  Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
    17  Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
    18  William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
    19  Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
    20  Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
    21  Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
    23  Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
    24  Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
    25  Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
    27  Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900
xie 0$ cat -n sed.dat | sed -e '/Lane/d' | wc -l
     20

idkey

5.显示所有生日在November-December之间的行
xie 0$ cat -n sed.dat | sed -ne '\$:1[12]/$p'
     1  teve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
     8  Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
     9  Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
    15  James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
    16  Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500

6.把三个星号(***)添加到以Fred开头的行
xie 0$ sed -e 's/Fred/***Fred/g' sed.dat
teve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
***Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
***Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900

7.用JOSE HAS RETIRED取代包含Jose的行
如果按照字面意思，应该用这个命令
xie 0$ sed -e '/Jose/cJOSE HAS RETIRED' sed.dat
teve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
JOSE HAS RETIRED
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
JOSE HAS RETIRED
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900

但从职员管理的角度来讲，似乎象这样更合适(我想不应该把住在San Jose的人也当成Jose让他退休吧
xie 0$ grep Jose sed.dat
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
xie 0$ grep Jose sed.dat | sed -e '/^[^:]*Jose[^:]*:/cJOSE HAS RETIRED'
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
JOSE HAS RETIRED

8.把Popeye的生日改成11/14/46
xie 0$ grep Popeye sed.dat
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
xie 0$ grep Popeye sed.dat | sed -e '/^[^:]*Popeye[^:]*:/s/[0-9]\+\/[0-9]\+\/[0-9]\+/11\/14\/46/g'
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:11/14/46:22350

9.删除所有空白行
sed -e '/^$/d' sed.dat

10.写一个脚本,将:
.在第一行之前插入标题PERSONNEL FILE.
.删除以500结尾的工资
.显示文件内容,把姓和名颠倒
.在文件末尾添加THE END

xie 0$ cat do.sed
/500$/d
s/^\([a-zA-Z]\+\) \([a-zA-Z]\+\)\(.*\)/\2 \1\3/g
1iPERSONNEL FILE
$aTHE END

xie 0$ sed -f do.sed sed.dat
PERSONNEL FILE
Blenheim teve:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Chevsky Igor:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
Corder Norma:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Cowan Jennifer:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
DeLoach Jon:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Evich Karen:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
Evich Karen:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Evich Karen:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Fardbarkle Fred:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Fardbarkle Fred:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Gortz Lori:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Hardy Ephram:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
Ikeda James:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Kirstin Lesley:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
Neal Jesse:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Putie Arthur:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Sailor Popeye:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
Santiago Jose:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
Savage Tommy:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Takeshida Yukio:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Tranh Vinh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900
THE END

idkey

sed -e '
/500$/d
s/^\([a-zA-Z]\+\) \([a-zA-Z]\+\)\(.*\)/\2 \1\3/g
1iPERSONNEL FILE
$aTHE END
' sed.dat