slackware添加用户adduser脚本欣赏

北南南北

这是slackware中的添加用户的一个脚本，感觉写的很好，就帖了上来。想和弟兄们一起学习SHELL。

1. 
   
2. #!/bin/sh
   
3. 
   
4. ##########################################################################
   
5. # Program: /usr/sbin/adduser
   
6. # Purpose: Interactive front end to /usr/sbin/useradd for Slackware Linux
   
7. # Author:  Stuart Winter <stuart@polplex.co.uk>
   
8. #          based on the original Slackware adduser by Hrvoje Dogan
   
9. #          with modifications by Patrick Volkerding
   
10. # Version: 1.05
    
11. ##########################################################################
    
12. # History #
    
13. ###########
    
14. # v1.05 - 04/01/03
    
15. #       * Advise & prevent users from creating logins with '.' characters
    
16. #         in the user name.
    
17. #       * Made pending account creation info look neater
    
18. # v1.04 - 09/06/02
    
19. #       * Catered for shadow-4.0.3's 'useradd' binary that no longer
    
20. #         will let you create a user that has any uppercase chars in it
    
21. #         This was reported on the userlocal.org forums
    
22. #         by 'xcp' - thanks. <sw,pjv>
    
23. # v1.03 - 20/05/02
    
24. #       * Support 'broken' (null lines in) /etc/passwd and
    
25. #         /etc/group files <sw>
    
26. #       * For recycling UIDs (default still 'off'), we now look in
    
27. #         /etc/login.defs for the UID_MIN value and use it
    
28. #         If not found then default to 1000 <sw>
    
29. # v1.02 - 10/04/02
    
30. #       * Fix user-specified UID bug. <pjv>
    
31. # v1.01 - 23/03/02
    
32. #       * Match Slackware indenting style, simplify. <pjv>
    
33. # v1.00 - 22/03/02
    
34. #       * Created
    
35. #######################################################################
    
36. # Syntax: adduser [<new_user_name>]
    
37. #######################################################################
    
38.                                                                                 
    
39. # Path to files
    
40. pfile=/etc/passwd
    
41. gfile=/etc/group
    
42. sfile=/etc/shells
    
43.                                                                                 
    
44. # Paths to binaries
    
45. useradd=/usr/sbin/useradd
    
46. chfn=/usr/bin/chfn
    
47. passwd=/usr/bin/passwd
    
48. chmod=/bin/chmod
    
49.                                                                                 
    
50. # Defaults
    
51. defhome=/home
    
52. defshell=/bin/bash
    
53. defchmod=711 # home dir permissions - may be preferable to use 701, however.
    
54.                                                                                 
    
55. # Determine what the minimum UID is (for UID recycling)
    
56. # (we ignore it if it's not at the beginning of the line (i.e. commented out wit
    
57. h #))
    
58. export recycleUIDMIN="$(grep ^UID_MIN /etc/login.defs | awk {'print $2'} 2>/dev/
    
59. null)"
    
60. # If we couldn't find it, set it to the default of 1000
    
61. if [ -z "$recycleUIDMIN" ]; then
    
62.    export recycleUIDMIN=1000  # this is the default from /etc/login.defs
    
63. fi
    
64.                                                                                 
    
65.                                                                                 
    
66. # This setting enables the 'recycling' of older unused UIDs.
    
67. # When you userdel a user, it removes it from passwd and shadow but it will
    
68. # never get used again unless you specify it expliticly -- useradd just
    
69. # (appears to) looks at the last line in passwd and increments the uid
    
70. # I like the idea of recycling uids but you may have very good reasons not to
    
71. # (old forgotten confidential files still on the system could then be owned by
    
72. # this new user).  We'll set this to no because this is what the original
    
73. # adduser shell script did and it's what users expect.
    
74. recycleuids=no
    
75.                                                                                 
    
76. # Function to read keyboard input.
    
77. # bash1 is broken (even ash will take read -ep!), so we work around
    
78. # it (even though bash1 is no longer supported on Slackware).
    
79. function get_input() {
    
80.   local output
    
81.   if [ "`echo $BASH_VERSION | cut -b1`" = "1" ]; then
    
82.     echo -n "${1} " >&2 ; # fudge for use with bash v1
    
83.     read output
    
84.   else # this should work with any other /bin/sh
    
85.     read -ep "${1} " output
    
86.   fi
    
87.   echo $output
    
88. }
    
89.                                                                                 
    
90. # Function to display the account info
    
91. function display () {
    
92.   local goose
    
93.   goose="$(echo $2 | cut -d ' ' -f 2-)"  # lop off the prefixed argument useradd
    
94. needs
    
95.   echo -n "$1 "
    
96.   # If it's null then display the 'other' information
    
97.   if [ -z "$goose" -a ! -z "$3" ]; then
    
98.     echo "$3"
    
99.   else
    
100.     echo "$goose"
     
101.   fi
     
102. }
     
103.                                                                                 
     
104. # Function to check whether groups exist in the /etc/group file
     
105. function check_group () {
     
106.   local got_error group
     
107.   if [ ! -z "$@" ]; then
     
108.   for group in $@ ; do
     
109.     local uid_not_named="" uid_not_num=""
     
110.     grep -v "$^" $gfile | awk -F: '{print $1}' | grep "^${group}$" >/dev/null 2>
     
111. &1 || uid_not_named=yes
     
112.     grep -v "$^" $gfile | awk -F: '{print $3}' | grep "^${group}$" >/dev/null 2>
     
113. &1 || uid_not_num=yes
     
114.     if [ ! -z "$uid_not_named" -a ! -z "$uid_not_num" ]; then
     
115.       echo "- Group '$group' does not exist"
     
116.       got_error=yes
     
117.     fi
     
118.   done
     
119.   fi
     
120.   # Return exit code of 1 if at least one of the groups didn't exist
     
121.   if [ ! -z "$got_error" ]; then
     
122.     return 1
     
123.   fi
     
124. }
     
125.                                                                                 
     
126. #: Read the login name for the new user :#
     
127. #
     
128. # Remember that most Mail Transfer Agents are case independant, so having
     
129. # 'uSer' and 'user' may cause confusion/things to break.  Because of this,
     
130. # useradd from shadow-4.0.3 no longer accepts usernames containing uppercase,
     
131. # and we must reject them, too.
     
132.                                                                                 
     
133. # Set the login variable to the command line param
     
134. echo
     
135. LOGIN="$1"
     
136. needinput=yes
     
137. while [ ! -z $needinput ]; do
     
138.   if [ -z "$LOGIN" ]; then
     
139.     while [ -z "$LOGIN" ]; do LOGIN="$(get_input "Login name for new user []:")"
     
140. ; done
     
141.   fi
     
142.   grep "^${LOGIN}:" $pfile >/dev/null 2>&1  # ensure it's not already used
     
143.   if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
     
144.     echo "- User '$LOGIN' already exists; please choose another"
     
145.     unset LOGIN
     
146.   elif [ ! "$LOGIN" = "`echo $LOGIN | tr A-Z a-z`" ]; then # useradd does not al
     
147. low uppercase
     
148.     echo "- User '$LOGIN' contains illegal characters (uppercase); please choose
     
149. another"
     
150.     unset LOGIN
     
151.   elif [ ! -z "$( echo $LOGIN | grep '\.' )" ]; then
     
152.     echo "- User '$LOGIN' contains illegal characters (period/dot); please choos
     
153. e another"
     
154.     unset LOGIN
     
155.   else
     
156.     unset needinput
     
157.   fi
     
158. done
     
159.                                                                                 
     
160. # Display the user name passed from the shell if it hasn't changed
     
161. if [ "$1" = "$LOGIN" ]; then
     
162.   echo "Login name for new user: $LOGIN"
     
163. fi
     
164.                                                                                 
     
165. #: Get the UID for the user & ensure it's not already in use :#
     
166. #
     
167. # Whilst we _can_ allow users with identical UIDs, it's not a 'good thing' becau
     
168. se
     
169. # when you change password for the uid, it finds the first match in /etc/passwd
     
170. # which isn't necessarily the correct user
     
171. #
     
172. echo
     
173. needinput=yes
     
174. while [ ! -z "$needinput" ]; do
     
175.   _UID="$(get_input "User ID ('UID') [ defaults to next available ]:")"
     
176.   grep -v "^$" $pfile | awk -F: '{print $3}' | grep "^${_UID}$" >/dev/null 2>&1
     
177.   if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
     
178.     echo "- That UID is already in use; please choose another"
     
179.   elif [ ! -z "$(echo $_UID | egrep [A-Za-z])" ]; then
     
180.     echo "- UIDs are numerics only"
     
181.   else
     
182.     unset needinput
     
183.   fi
     
184. done
     
185. # If we were given a UID, then syntax up the variable to pass to useradd
     
186. if [ ! -z "$_UID" ]; then
     
187.   U_ID="-u ${_UID}"
     
188. else
     
189.   # Will we be recycling UIDs?
     
190.   if [ "$recycleuids" = "yes" ]; then
     
191.     U_ID="-u $(awk -F: '{uid[$3]=1} END { for (i=ENVIRON["recycleUIDMIN"];i in u
     
192. id;i++);print i}' $pfile)"
     
193.   fi
     
194. fi
     
195.                                                                                 
     
196. #: Get the initial group for the user & ensure it exists :#
     
197. #
     
198. # We check /etc/group for both the text version and the group ID number
     
199. echo
     
200. needinput=yes
     
201. while [ ! -z "$needinput" ]; do
     
202.   GID="$(get_input "Initial group [ users ]:")"
     
203.   check_group "$GID"
     
204.   if [ $? -gt 0 ]; then
     
205.     echo "- Please choose another"
     
206.   else
     
207.     unset needinput
     
208.   fi
     
209. done
     
210. # Syntax the variable ready for useradd
     
211. if [ -z "$GID" ]; then
     
212.   GID="-g users"
     
213. else
     
214.   GID="-g ${GID}"
     
215. fi
     
216.                                                                                 
     
217. #: Get additional groups for the user :#
     
218. #
     
219. echo
     
220. needinput=yes
     
221. while [ ! -z "$needinput" ]; do
     
222.   AGID="$(get_input "Additional groups (comma separated) []:")"
     
223.   AGID="$(echo "$AGID" | tr -d ' ' | tr , ' ')" ; # fix up for parsing
     
224.   if [ ! -z "$AGID" ]; then
     
225.     check_group "$AGID"  # check all groups at once (treated as N # of params)
     
226.     if [ $? -gt 0 ]; then
     
227.       echo "- Please re-enter the group(s)"
     
228.     else
     
229.       unset needinput # we found all groups specified
     
230.       AGID="-G $(echo "$AGID" | tr ' ' ,)"
     
231.     fi
     
232.   else
     
233.     unset needinput   # we don't *have* to have additional groups
     
234.   fi
     
235. done
     
236.                                                                                 
     
237. #: Get the new user's home dir :#
     
238. #
     
239. echo
     
240. needinput=yes
     
241. while [ ! -z "$needinput" ]; do
     
242.   HME="$(get_input "Home directory [ ${defhome}/${LOGIN} ]")"
     
243.   if [ -z "$HME" ]; then
     
244.     HME="${defhome}/${LOGIN}"
     
245.   fi
     
246.   # Warn the user if the home dir already exists
     
247.   if [ -d "$HME" ]; then
     
248.     echo "- Warning: '$HME' already exists !"
     
249.     getyn="$(get_input "  Do you wish to change the home directory path? (Y/n) "
     
250. )"
     
251.     if [ "$(echo $getyn | grep -i "n")" ]; then
     
252.       unset needinput
     
253.     fi
     
254.   else
     
255.     unset needinput
     
256.   fi
     
257. done
     
258. HME="-d ${HME}"
     
259.                                                                                 
     
260. #: Get the new user's shell :#
     
261. echo
     
262. needinput=yes
     
263. while [ ! -z "$needinput" ]; do
     
264.   unset got_error
     
265.   SHL="$(get_input "Shell [ ${defshell} ]")"
     
266.   if [ -z "$SHL" ]; then
     
267.     SHL="${defshell}"
     
268.   fi
     
269.   # Warn the user if the shell doesn't exist in /etc/shells or as a file
     
270.   if [ -z "$(grep "^${SHL}$" $sfile)" ]; then
     
271.     echo "- Warning: ${SHL} is not in ${sfile} (potential problem using FTP)"
     
272.     got_error=yes
     
273.   fi
     
274.   if [ ! -f "$SHL" ]; then
     
275.     echo "- Warning: ${SHL} does not exist as a file"
     
276.     got_error=yes
     
277.   fi
     
278.   if [ ! -z "$got_error" ]; then
     
279.     getyn="$(get_input "  Do you wish to change the shell? (Y/n) ")"
     
280.     if [ "$(echo $getyn | grep -i "n")" ]; then
     
281.       unset needinput
     
282.     fi
     
283.   else
     
284.     unset needinput
     
285.   fi
     
286. done
     
287. SHL="-s ${SHL}"
     
288.                                                                                 
     
289. #: Get the expiry date :#
     
290. echo
     
291. needinput=yes
     
292. while [ ! -z "$needinput" ]; do
     
293.   EXP="$(get_input "Expiry date (YYYY-MM-DD) []:")"
     
294.   if [ ! -z "$EXP" ]; then
     
295.     # Check to see whether the expiry date is in the valid format
     
296.     if [ -z "$(echo "$EXP" | grep "^[[:digit:]]\{4\}[-]\?[[:digit:]]\{2\}[-]\?[[
     
297. :digit:]]\{2\}$")" ]; then
     
298.       echo "- That is not a valid expiration date"
     
299.     else
     
300.       unset needinput
     
301.       EXP="-e ${EXP}"
     
302.     fi
     
303.   else
     
304.     unset needinput
     
305.   fi
     
306. done
     
307.                                                                                 
     
308. # Display the info about the new impending account
     
309. echo
     
310. echo "New account will be created as follows:"
     
311. echo
     
312. echo "---------------------------------------"
     
313. display "Login name.......: " "$LOGIN"
     
314. display "UID..............: " "$_UID" "[ Next available ]"
     
315. display "Initial group....: " "$GID"
     
316. display "Additional groups: " "$AGID" "[ None ]"
     
317. display "Home directory...: " "$HME"
     
318. display "Shell............: " "$SHL"
     
319. display "Expiry date......: " "$EXP" "[ Never ]"
     
320. echo
     
321.                                                                                 
     
322. echo "This is it... if you want to bail out, hit Control-C.  Otherwise, press"
     
323. echo "ENTER to go ahead and make the account."
     
324. read junk
     
325.                                                                                 
     
326. echo
     
327. echo "Creating new account..."
     
328. echo
     
329. echo
     
330.                                                                                 
     
331. # Add the account to the system
     
332. CMD="$useradd "$HME" -m "$EXP" "$U_ID" "$GID" "$AGID" "$SHL" "$LOGIN""
     
333. $CMD
     
334.                                                                                 
     
335. if [ $? -gt 0 ]; then
     
336.   echo "- Error running useradd command -- account not created!"
     
337.   echo "(cmd: $CMD)"
     
338.   exit 1
     
339. fi
     
340.                                                                                 
     
341. # Set the finger information
     
342. $chfn "$LOGIN"
     
343. if [ $? -gt 0 ]; then
     
344.   echo "- Warning: an error occurred while setting finger information"
     
345. fi
     
346.                                                                                 
     
347. # Set a password
     
348. $passwd "$LOGIN"
     
349. if [ $? -gt 0 ]; then
     
350.   echo "* WARNING: An error occured while setting the password for"
     
351.   echo "           this account.  Please manually investigate this *"
     
352.   exit 1
     
353. fi
     
354.                                                                                 
     
355. # If it was created (it should have been!), set the permissions for that user's
     
356. dir
     
357. HME="$(echo "$HME" | awk '{print $2}')"  # We have to remove the -g prefix
     
358. if [ -d "$HME" ]; then
     
359.   $chmod $defchmod "$HME"
     
360. fi
     
361.                                                                                 
     
362. echo
     
363. echo
     
364. echo "Account setup complete."
     
365. exit 0
     
366. 
     

复制代码

bnfan

我想用在我的LFS系统中，请问怎么弄？

北南南北

这个可以改一下吧
就是adduser，在/usr/sbin中的。

主要是看一下原来的adduser是什么样的，more /usr/sbin/adduser
然后把这些内容和原来的对照，放到原来的adduser中，不过要备份原来的文件。。。切记。。。


试试看，因为我菜的也不行

KornLee

最初由 bnfan 发表
我想用在我的LFS系统中，请问怎么弄？

man一下adduser,如果你有这个命令的话(我想任何一个系统都应该有这个命令吧),可以根据自己的需要按照adduser规定的格式批量添加用户!老大的脚本就是把复杂的命令行操作给简化了~~ ;)

tram

呵呵，如果不是批量操作，还是直接改/etc/passwd方便。

北南南北

最初由 javalee 发表
man一下adduser,如果你有这个命令的话(我想任何一个系统都应该有这个命令吧),可以根据自己的需要按照adduser规定的格式批量添加用户!老大的脚本就是把复杂的命令行操作给简化了~~ ;)

Lee兄&tram兄，请教一个问题，现在我也在读shell的快，进度太慢了，然后也读了不少，是把书和shell实例结合起来一起读呢，还是先读书后看例子，然后再来研究。

一边操作，一边读书？？？

请Lee兄&tram兄指条路吧，毕竟我的学文的，看来学的高深一点，对我可能性不太大了。感觉要认命了。  我的命怎么这么苦啊

tram

呵呵，我对shell只是一知半解，要写什么东西，都要查半天。我感觉用过的命令印象比较深

KornLee

最初由 北南南北 发表
Lee兄&tram兄，请教一个问题，现在我也在读shell的快，进度太慢了，然后也读了不少，是把书和shell实例结合起来一起读呢，还是先读书后看例子，然后再来研究。

一边操作，一边读书？？？

请Lee兄&tram兄指条路吧，毕竟我的学文的，看来学的高深一点，对我可能性不太大了。感觉要认命了。

把书上的实例跟自己的应用结合,这样理解得快些~,当然,必要的shell基础知识是最重要的,我想这个老大应该没问题!shell的主要基础在于如何灵活的操作变量!还有一些内制的shell命令,如此而已!

北南南北

最初由 javalee 发表
把书上的实例跟自己的应用结合,这样理解得快些~,当然,必要的shell基础知识是最重要的,我想这个老大应该没问题!shell的主要基础在于如何灵活的操作变量!还有一些内制的shell命令,如此而已!

多谢lee兄  tram兄指教，我会住Shell讨论区的，太多的问题要学习了，我先掀一下以往弟兄们的精华帖。以后常驻Slackware和shell了。我菜的太可以了，菜的自己都不知道是谁了。

KornLee

最初由 北南南北 发表
自己都不知道是谁了。

我们知道你是谁就成了~~ ;)
BTW:我终于买到了RH linux8的宝典,正翻着呢~~